EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION / AE / JANUARY 2017 .
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a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
Fig 4: Photomicrographs of sections of the dermis and subcutis from Case 2: the first column (a, d, g) was obtained from the normal left-pelvic limb, the second column (b, e, h) was obtained from the abnormal right-pelvic limb proximal to the laceration, and the third column (c, f, i) was obtained from the abnormal right-pelvic limb distal to the laceration. Each row represents corresponding levels. Proximal to the site of laceration (b), the dermis (e) shows minimal changes with small numbers of perivascular lymphocytes and plasma cells. In the subcutis (h), there is fibroplasia and neovascularisation (arrowheads) with small numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Distal to the site of laceration (c), the dermis (f) shows full thickness coagulative necrosis with separation of the epidermis (arrow), overgrowth of superficial cocci bacteria (basophilic granular material at dermal-epidermal junction), and faded follicular epithelium (arrowhead). In the subcutis (i), arterioles are occluded by fibrin thrombi with fibrinoid necrosis of vascular walls (arrowhead). The subcutis is infiltrated by abundant degenerate and intact neutrophils admixed with fibrin, necrotic cellular debris, and oedema (haematoxylin and eosin stained sections; a–c scale bar = 500 m; d–i scale bar = 100 m).
thrombosis after the application of a tourniquet and administration of intra-arterial stem cells (Sole et al. 2012). Vascular and soft tissue phase nuclear scintigraphy has been used to document vascular alterations in horses with chronic (Ritmeester et al. 1998) and experimentally induced laminitis
(Galey et al. 1990; Trout et al. 1990), and has been used to determine the vascular integrity of the distal limb successfully after severe trauma in 3 horses (Bell et al. 1995). Acquisition of vascular phase scintigraphy necessitates imaging between 30–60 s after radiopharmaceutical injection preventing the
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