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EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION / AE / july 2022


a)


b)


Fig 5: a) On 3 tracks: the right hindlimb is following the left forelimb; the left hindlimb is to the left of the left forelimb. The tail is crooked, held to the right, coincident with the right hindlimb and left forelimb bearing weight in trot. b) Resistant to go forward. Intense stare, exposure of the sclera, head tilted, front of head ≥30⁰ in front of vertical position, tail swishing.


a)


b)


c)


Fig 6: a) Right hindlimb toe drag. Crooked tail with tail to left during the stance phase of the left hindlimb and right forelimb in trot. The saddle has slipped to the right. b) Front of the head behind the vertical ≥10°, despite no rein tension. c) Tail swishing, while performing shoulder-in. The saddle has slipped to the right.


horses, lame horses, and lame horses before and after diagnostic anaesthesia had been used to abolish pain causing lameness or abnormalities of canter (Dyson et al. 2018a,b; Dyson 2019; Dyson and van Dijk 2020; Dyson and Ellis 2022; Dyson and Pollard 2020; Thomson et al. 2020; 2020a; Dyson et al. 2020a, 2022a). These data provide strong evidence that the display of ≥8/24 behaviours of the RHpE is likely to reflect the presence of musculoskeletal pain, although some lame horses score <8/24. The validity of the RHpE has been verified for use in horses which perform dressage-type movements and which have been trained to work with the front of the head in a vertical position. It has


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not, as yet, been used in horses while jumping, racehorses, western performance horses or endurance horses. The data also illustrate the importance of evaluating horses ridden, to include transitions between and within gaits, trot, canter, 10 m diameter circles in rising trot, and more collected work for horses working at a more advanced level. The results of application of the RHpE by 23 assessors have


been documented, including skilled assessors (Dyson et al. 2018a,b; 2022a; Dyson and Ellis 2022; Dyson and Pollard 2020), equine veterinarians after preliminary training (Dyson et al. 2020b), an equine physiotherapist after on-line training1 and additional repeatability assessment (Dyson et al. 2020c)


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