EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION / AE / MARCH 2016
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a)
b)
Fig 3: Radiographs, Case 1, (a) Blunting of the roots of all mandibular and (b) maxillary cheek teeth. a) b)
Fig 4: Radiographs Case 1, (a) Maxillary incisors, (b) Mandibular incisors. Mild blunting and resorption present on all incisors and canines with the #3 maxillary incisors being the most affected.
and a follow-up examination 30 days later revealed that the socket was approximately 80% filled-in with healthy granulation tissue.
Examination of extracted 309
Macroscopic findings – dental surfaces Gross examination of the extracted 309 revealed hypercementosis with layered deposition lines visible. Significantly more cementum was noted on the buccal than the lingual side. The roots were blunted and consistent with the radiographic changes described. The intra-alveolar regions displayed an irregular pattern made up of cementum-like tissue. In certain regions, dark soft tissues were noted within the cemental surface.
Macroscopic findings – sectioned surfaces The tooth was further evaluated by performing horizontal sections. Sections were made using a diamond-coated band saw with water cooling to minimise frictional heat. The dominant substance was a cementum-like calcified tissue featuring marked incremental lines indicative of a layered pattern of deposition. In several locations, irregular regions of blackish soft tissue were present reflecting local tissue necrosis.
Histopathological findings Histopathological specimens were decalcified (EDTA, room temperature, pH 8.0) and embedded in paraffin wax. Subsequently, serial 5 lm sections were cut, stained using haematoxylin and eosin, and examined under a light microscope (Staszyk et al. 2008). Pathohistological features typical for EOTRH were found.
First, remnants of unchanged secondary dentine and normal equine cementum were present. These regions were mainly seen in central portions of the tooth sections. The peripheral borders showed numerous signs of odontoclastic tooth resorption, i.e. Howship lacunae. These Howship lacunae were mostly filled with reparative irregular cementum. Some areas showed ongoing odontoclastic resorption and active odontoclasts were present (Fig 5). Second, the largest area of the tooth sections was
dominated by large amounts of irregular cementum featuring large vascular channels, an irregular arrangement of collagen fibres and cementoblasts lacunae. Nonparallel, wavy incremental lines were clearly visible indicating a largely unregulated deposition of irregular cementum (Fig 5). Third, vascular granulation tissue with leucocytic
infiltrations was seen in peripheral positions as well as in central positions infiltrating between mineralised tissues. In most positions the interface between the granulation tissue
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