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In summary, our results indicate that scanning the flank to
visualise abdominally retained testes is not necessary (Schambourg et al. 2006). Ninety-eight per cent of inguinal testes were predictable by inguinal scanning and 97% of abdominal testes were correctly predicted by recording their absence inguinally. The 4 horses incorrectly diagnosed on ultrasound were relatively easily managed surgically. Hormonal evidence of active testicular tissue should be obtained in horses missing both testes before using this method of diagnosis.
Authors’ declaration of interests No conflicts of interest have been declared.
Ethical animal research
Horses described herein were clinical cases presented to the hospitals for cryptorchid castration. Owners signed a standard consent form prior to sedation and understood the purpose of ultrasound scanning the inguinal region prior to surgery.
Authorship
R.P.C. Coomer and D.A. Gorvy contributed to the study design, study execution, data analysis and interpretation, and preparation of the manuscript. S.A. McKane contributed to study design and study execution. H. Wilderjans contributed to study execution and preparation of the manuscript. All authors gave their final approval of the manuscript.
Manufacturers’ addresses
1Covidien plc, Whiteley, Fareham, Hampshire, UK. 2Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, USA. 3MedCalc Software, Mariakerke, Belgium.
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