EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION / AE / MARCH 2016


149


Source of funding Funding was provided by the Raymond Firestone Trust.


Antimicrobial stewardship policy


Some of the foals in this study were treated with ceftiofur sodium as part of their therapy determined by the clinician in charge of the case.


Acknowledgement


Portions of the results of this study were presented in abstract at the 2010 American College of Veterinary Medicine Annual Forum.


Authorship


All authors equally participated in study design and execution. P. A. Wilkins and R. C. Boston performed data analysis, interpretation was provided by all authors. A. R. Hollis, P. A. Wilkins, B. Tennent-Brown, J. E. Palmer and R. C. Boston prepared the majority of the manuscript and all authors approved the final version of the manuscript.


Manufacturers’ addresses


aLake Immunogenics, Inc., Ontario, New York, USA. bCareFusion Corporation, San Diego, California, USA. cTeleflex Medical, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. dInstrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA. eOrtho Clinical Diagnostics, Rochester, New York, USA. fMinitab Inc., State College, Pennsylvania, USA.


References


Barton, M.H., Morris, D.D., Crowe, N., Collatos, C. and Prasse, K.W. (1995) Hemostatic indices in healthy foals from birth to one month of age. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 7, 380-385.


Becht, J.L. and Semrad, S.D. (1985) Hematology, blood typing, and immunology of the neonatal foal. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 1,91-116.


Bentz, A.I., Palmer, J.E., Dallap, B.L., Wilkins, P.A. and Boston, R.C. (2009) Prospective evaluation of coagulation in critically ill neonatal foals. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 23, 161-167.


Borchers, A., Wilkins, P.A., Marsh, P.M., Axon, J.E., Read, J., Castagnetti, C., Pantaleon, L., Clark, C., Qura’n, L., Belgrave, R., Trachsel, D., Levy, M., Bedenice, D., Saulez, M.N. and Boston, R.C. (2012) Association of admission L-lactate concentration in hospitalised equine neonates with presenting complaint, periparturient events, clinical diagnosis and outcome: a prospective multicentre study. Equine Vet. J. 44, Suppl. 41,57-63.


Borges, A.S., Divers, T.J., Stokol, T. and Mohammed, O.H. (2007) Serum iron and plasma fibrinogen concentrations as indicators of systemic inflammatory diseases in horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 21, 489-494.


Brace, R.A. (1998) Fluid distribution in the fetus and the neonate. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology 2nd edn., Eds: R.A. Polin and W.W. Fox, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. pp 1703-1713.


Cotovio, M., Monreal, L., Armengou, L., Prada, J., Almeida, J.M. and Segura, D. (2008) Fibrin deposits and organ failure in newborn foals with severe septicemia. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22, 1403-1410.


Dallap-Schaer, B.L., Bentz, A.I., Boston, R.C., Palmer, J.E. and Wilkins, P.A. (2009) Comparison of viscoelastic coagulation analysis and


standard coagulation profiles in critically ill neonatal foals to outcome. J. Vet. Emerg. Crit. Care. 19,88-95.


Fielding, C.L., Magdesian, K.G. and Edman, J.E. (2011) Determination of body water compartments in neonatal foals by use of indicator dilution techniques and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Am. J. Vet. Res. 72, 1390-1396.


Gabay, C. and Kushner, I. (1999) Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N. Engl. J. Med. 340, 448-454.


Gigu ere, S., Gaskin, J.M., Miller, C. and Bowman, J.L. (2002) Evaluation


of a commercially available hyperimmune plasma product for prevention of naturally acquired pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals. J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass. 220,59-63.


Gigu


ere, S., Cohen, N.D., Chaffin, M.K., Slovis, N.M., Hondalus, M.K., Hines, S.A. and Prescott, J.F. (2011) Diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of infections caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 25, 1209-1220.


Jacobsen, S., Jensen, J.C., Frei, S., Jensen, A.L. and Thoefner, M.B. (2005) Use of serum amyloid A and other acute phase reactants


to monitor the inflammatory response after castration in horses: a field study. Equine Vet. J. 37, 552-556.


Landis, E.M. and Pappenheimer, J.R. (1963) Exchange of substances through capillary walls. In: Handbook of Physiology, Eds: W.F. Hamilton and P. Dow, American Physiology Society, Washington, DC. pp 961-1034.


LeBlanc, M.M. (1987) Responses to plasma transfusion in clinically healthy and clinically ill foals. Proc. Am. Ass. Equine Practnrs. 32, 755-762.


Madigan, J.E., Hietala, S. and Muller, N. (1991) Protection against naturally acquired Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals by administration of hyperimmune plasma. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 44, 571-578.


Martini, W.Z. and Holcomb, J.B. (2007) Acidosis and coagulopathy: the differential effects on fibrinogen synthesis and breakdown in pigs. Ann. Surg. 246, 831-835.


Palmer, J.E. (2004) Fluid therapy in the neonate: not your mother's vascular space. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 20,63-75.


Persson, S.G. and Ullberg, L.E. (1979) Blood-volume determination with Evans blue dye in foals. Acta Vet. Scand. 20,10-15.


Pollock, P.J., Prendergast, M., Schumacher, J. and Bellinger, C.R. (2005) Effects of surgery on the acute phase response in clinically normal and diseased horses. Vet. Rec. 156, 538-542.


Redman, C.M. and Xia, H. (2001) Fibrinogen biosynthesis. Assembly, intracellular degradation, and association with lipid synthesis and secretion. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 936, 480-495.


Rose, R.J., Backhouse, W. and Chan, W. (1979) Plasma biochemistry changes in Thoroughbred foals during the first 4 weeks of life. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 27, 601-605.


Rumbaugh, G.E. and Adamson, P.J.W. (1983) Automated serum chemistry analysis in the foal. J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass. 183, 769-772.


Runk, D.T., Madigan, J.E., Rahal, C.J., Allison, D.N. and Fredrickson, K. (2000) Measurement of plasma colloid osmotic pressure in normal thoroughbred neonatal foals. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 14, 475-478.


Shalm, O.W. (1979) Equine hematology. Part III. Significance of plasma fibrinogen concentration in clinical disorders in horses. Equine Pract. 1,22-28.


Spensley, M.S., Carlson, G.P. and Harrold, D. (1987) Plasma, red blood cell, total blood, and extracellular fluid volumes in healthy horse foals during growth. Am. J. Vet. Res. 48, 1703-1707.


White, S.L. (1990) The use of plasma in foals with failure of passive transfer and/or sepsis. Proc. Am. Ass. Equine Practnrs. 35, 215- 218.


Wilkins, P.A. and Dewan-Mix, S. (1994) Efficacy of intravenous plasma to transfer passive immunity in clinically healthy and clinically ill equine neonates with failure of passive transfer. Cornell. Vet. 84,7-14.


© 2015 EVJ Ltd

Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60  |  Page 61  |  Page 62  |  Page 63  |  Page 64  |  Page 65  |  Page 66  |  Page 67  |  Page 68  |  Page 69  |  Page 70  |  Page 71  |  Page 72  |  Page 73  |  Page 74  |  Page 75  |  Page 76  |  Page 77  |  Page 78  |  Page 79  |  Page 80  |  Page 81  |  Page 82  |  Page 83  |  Page 84  |  Page 85  |  Page 86  |  Page 87  |  Page 88