266


EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION / AE / MAY 2019


a)


b)


c)


d)


e)


f)


g)


h)


Fig 2: Latero-lateral radiographic projections before and after the placement of the wires of four different cadaver equine heads illustrating how the rostral and the caudal limits of the DCB were drawn in relation to the cheek teeth (a and b), and the different appearance and size of the DCB and VCB in a horse >5 years age (c and d), in a pony >5 years of age (e and f) and in a horse <5 years of age (g and h). The increased diffuse radiopacity within the nasal region of the pony head e) appears to result in loss of contrast of the limits of the conchal bullae. The ventral border of the VCB in the younger horse g) is superimposed on of the alveoli of the Triadan 07s.


Dorsoventral radiographic projections Plain radiographs The medial and caudal walls of 9/20 DCBs were visible lateral to the nasal septum and rostral to the DCS (Fig 5). It was not possible to identify the VCB on plain DV projections. Superimposition of the cheek teeth precluded visualisation of the rostral and lateral limits of the DCB and of the entire VCB in all skulls.


Radiographs with wire in place Even with the wires in place, only the DCB was clearly identifiable. The wires placed within the VCB were obscured by the mineral opacity of the teeth due to complex superimposition.


© 2017 EVJ Ltd The data regarding the correct identification of the DC


and VC bullae on lateral, latero30°dorsal-lateroventral oblique and DV plain radiographic projections are summarised in Table 1. The details of the rostral and caudal limits of the DCB and VCB in relation to the adjacent maxillary cheek tooth are presented in Table 2.


Variations observed In the two horses aged <5 years, the apices of the long maxillary cheek teeth impinged into the nasal areas, overlapping with the ventral border of the VCB and limiting its visualisation on plain radiographs (Fig 2).


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