Received: 24 September 2023 | Accepted: 22 May 2023 DOI: 10.1111/eve.13844_1
C A S E R E POR T
Bladder prolapse with simultaneous entrapment of a portion of the descending colon through the urethral sphincter secondary to dystocia in a mare
Weronika Sikorra | Ana Berreta | Margreet Voermans | Claire Robinson The Equine Hospital , Jockey Club of Saudi Arabia , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
Correspondence : Claire Robinson Email:
clairesrobinson@hotmail.co.uk
SUMMARY
An 11- year- old Thoroughbred mare was presented to The Equine Hospital of the Jockey Club of Saudi Arabia for evalua- tion and treatment of dystocia. She had reportedly commenced the second stage of parturition approximately 1 h prior to pres- entation. Prolapse of the urinary bladder was diagnosed. Initial assessment revealed a firm mass inside the everted bladder, and hence simple replacement of the urinary bladder in the normal anatomic position was not possible. As the foal was alive, the mare was immediately prepared for caesarean section. The foal was successfully delivered and resuscitated. Detailed assessment of the bladder during surgery revealed that the small colon had prolapsed through the external urethral opening and was inside the space formed by the inverted bladder. The urinary bladder
was opened. The small colon was replaced into the abdominal cavity; a surgeon gently replaced the small colon through the external urethral sphincter and a second surgeon retrieved the small colon by gentle traction until normally aligned. There was a haematoma of the small colon mesentery; however, this did not appear detrimental to the viability of the small colon. The bladder was closed, replaced and oversewn. An abdominal drain was placed, and the ventral midline celiotomy routinely closed. The mare required treatment for retained foetal membranes but subsequently recovered uneventfully. The mare and the foal were discharged from the hospital 17 days post- operatively.
K E YWORDS horse , bladder , dystocia , parturition , prolapse , small colon
Key points
• Prolapse of the urinary bladder is a rare complication of dystocia in mares. To our knowledge, eversion of the small colon into a prolapsed urinary bladder has not previously been reported.
• Quickly recognising the abnormality and performing a caesarean section allowed the foal to be successfully delivered. Two surgeons worked together to facilitate re- placement of the small colon and urinary bladder in the correct anatomic locations.
FIGURE 1: An incision into the everted bladder revealed the small colon inside the space formed by the everted bladder.
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• The mare was monitored post- operatively for recurrence of bladder prolapse, post- operative ileus and develop- ment of peritonitis. She had an uneventful recovery.
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Equine Vet Educ. 2024;36:16.
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