PROCESSING STALLION SEMEN When using the SpermFilter (BotuPharma USA), a petri dish is
needed and the semen is extended 2:1 (semen: extender, v/v). The extended semen is added on top of the SpermFilter while it is gently swirled allowing fluid to flow through the filter, collecting sperm on top. Once the sperm has been filtered the membrane is washed with a predetermined volume into a separate petri dish to recover the sperm. For more details please see Alvarenga and Segabinazzi ( 2021 ).
PACKAGING AND SHIPPING COOLED SEMEN
There are several excellent reviews on semen packaging (Au- rich, 2008 ; Bradecamp, 2014b ) and thus only certain important points will be highlighted. To ensure sperm survival proper packag- ing is critical. For packaging, several types of containers can be used such as Whirl- Pak® bags, latex/rubber- free syringes, conical tubes or screw- top tubes. The important point is the storage device does not leak during transportation. Traditionally, it was recommended to remove the air in stored extended semen; however this may not be critical as similar motility parameters and viability have been seen under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Price et al., 2008 ). Next, there are many commercial cooled shipping containers, most of which are passive cooling devices requiring the addition of ice bricks to an insulated container. It is recommended to follow the manufacturer ' s directions for packaging. Finally, make sure to clearly label the packaged semen and include easily identified doc- umentation of the stallion, date and time of collection, sperm con- centration, volume of extended semen and motility of the sperm being shipped within the container.
ACKNO WLE DGE MENTS I would like to thank G. Reed Holyoak for taking time to proofread this manuscript.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT No conflicts of interest have been declared.
FUNDING INFORMATION None.
ETHICAL ANIMAL RESEARCH Not applicable to this review article.
ORCID Dale E. Kelley
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4767-6978
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