582


EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION


Equine vet. Educ. (2022) 34 (11) 582 doi: 10.1111/eve.13539_1


Original Article


Use of venography including the dorsal 60° proximal- palmaro-/plantaro-distal oblique to improve the evaluation of nonlaminitic digital disease of the horse


K. Trolinger-Meadows†, A. Morton†,*, T. McCarrel†, E. Porter‡ and V. Dryden§


†Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences; ‡Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, Florida; and §Bur Oak Veterinary and Podiatry Services, Lexington, Kentucky, USA *Corresponding author email: mortona@ufl.edu


Keywords: horse; keratoma; osteitis; abscess; venography


Summary Background Many common nonlaminitic conditions of the equine digit can be diagnosed radiographically, although vascular disturbance cannot be evaluated without use of contrast venography. Digital venography is commonly used to assess vascular disturbance in horses with laminitis. Routine venography projections include the lateromedial (LM) and dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar (DP) projections, although these do not provide complete assessment of the digital vasculature.


Objectives The purpose of this study was to describe digital venography as a diagnostic tool for nonlaminitic disease of the digit of horses including the dorsal 60° proximal-palmaro-/plantaro- distal oblique (60° DP) in addition to the standard LM and DP projections.


Study design Retrospective descriptive case series.


Methods Medical records were reviewed to identify patients with nonlaminitic disease that had digital venography including LM, DP and 60° DP projections. Horses free of disease of the digit were utilised for comparison. Images were reviewed, and presence or absence of radiographic and venographic abnormalities was determined individually.


Results


Venography revealed vascular abnormalities in horses with digital keratoma, complex digital abscessation, and simple


digital abscessation. The inclusion of the 60° DP projection allowed for better determination of location and extent of vascular disturbance of the distal phalanx.


Main limitations Limitations of the study include the small sample size and retrospective nature, as well as lack of literature describing vascular disturbances in nonlaminitic processes.


Conclusions Digital venography can be considered for evaluation of submural disease of the digit of horses. For more complete assessment of the distal phalangeal vasculature, the 60° DP projection should be included in all digital venographic studies.


Clinical relevance


• Digital venography with inclusion of the dorsal 60° proximal-palmaro-/plantaro-distal oblique projection provided important clinical information that was not provided by plain radiography and aided in selection of treatment and guidance on prognostication.


• Digital venography is an easily performed, readily available, affordable, stall side option to evaluate for the presence of vascular disturbances associated with nonlaminitic pathology.


• Digital venography may provide an economical manner to monitor disease progression and response to therapy in conditions affecting the distal phalanx.


Previous presentation or publication disclosure: This abstract was previously presented at the American College of Veterinary Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Special Session at the World Veterinary Rehabilitation Summit in Knoxville, TN on 31 July 31 2018 and at the American College of Veterinary Surgeons Surgical Summit in Phoenix, AZ on 25 October 2018. It was published in ACTA Veterinaria Scandanavia 2019, 61, (Suppl. 1), p.27-28.


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