FRANK J. MILNE STATE-OF-THE-ART LECTURE
295. Ahern BJ, Parente EJ. Mechanical evaluation of the equine laryngoplasty. Vet Surg 2010;39:661–666.
296. Schumacher J, Wilson AM, Pardoe C, et al. In vitro eval- uation of a novel prosthesis for laryngoplasty of horses with recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. Equine Vet J 2000;32:43– 46.
297. Lussier B, Flanders JA, Erb HN. The effect of unilateral arytenoid lateralization on rima glottidis area in canine cadaver larynges. Vet Surg 1996;25:121–126.
298. Bischofberger AS, Hadidane I, Wereszka MM, et al. Effect of age and prostheses location on rima glottidis area in equine cadaveric larynges. Vet Surg 2013;42:286–290.
299. Herde I, Boening KJ, Sasse HH. Arytenoid cartilage reten- tion of laryngoplasty in horses: In vivo assessment of effect of age, placement site, and implementation technique, in Proceedings. Am Assoc Equine Pract 2001;47:115–119.
300. Meyer S, Ptok M. ”Laryngeal neuropathy” and “irritable lar- ynx syndrome”: Synonyms or distinct entities?. Laryn- gorhinootologie 2012;91:617–624.
301. Passman SN, Cheetham J, Bonassar LJ, et al. Biomechani- cal characterisation of equine laryngeal cartilage. Equine Vet J 2011;43:592–598.
302. Strand E, Skjerve E. Complex dynamic upper airway col- lapse: Associations between abnormalities in 99 harness racehorses with one or more dynamic disorders. Equine Vet J 2012;44:524–528.
303. Fjordbakk CT, Chalmers HJ, Holcombe SJ, et al. Results of upper airway radiography and ultrasonography predict dynamic laryngeal collapse in affected horses. Equine Vet J 2013;45:705–710.
304. Fjordbakk CT, Strand E, Hanche-Olsen S. Surgical and conservative management of bilateral dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion in harness race horses. Vet Surg 2008;37:501–507.
305. Fjordbakk CT, Holcombe S, Fintl C, et al. A novel treat- ment for dynamic laryngeal collapse associated with poll flexion: The modified checkrein. Equine Vet J 2012;44: 207–213.
306. Dart AJ, Dowling BA, Smith CL. Upper airway dysfunc- tion associated with collapse of the apex of the corniculate process of the left arytenoid cartilage during exercise in 15 horses. Vet Surg 2005;34:543–547.
307. Weissbrod PA, Inglis A, Merati AL. The ram sign: Detecting previously undiagnosed congenital laryngeal clefts in adults. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2012;121: 533–538.
308. Kelly G, Lumsden JM, Dunkerly G, et al. Idiopathic mucosal lesions of the arytenoid cartilages of 21 Thor- oughbred yearlings: 1997–2001. Equine Vet J 2003;35: 276–281.
309. Smith RL, Perkins NR, Firth EC, et al. Arytenoid mucosal injury in young Thoroughbred horses—Investigation of a proposed aetiology and clinical significance. N Z Vet J 2006;54:173–177.
310. Hay WP, Tulleners EP, Ducharme NG. Partial arytenoid- ectomy in the horse using an extralaryngeal approach. Vet Surg 1993;22:50–56.
311. Ma L, Xiao Y, Ye J, et al. Analysis of therapeutic methods for treating vocal process granulomas. Acta Otolaryngol 2015;135:277–282.
312. Sullins K. Minimilly invasive laser treatment of aryte- noid chondritis in horses. Clin Tech Equine Pract 2002; 1:13–16.
313. Hirano S, Kojima H, Tateya I, et al. Fiberoptic laryngeal surgery for vocal process granuloma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002;111:789–793.
314. Boles CL, Raker CW, Wheat JF. Epiglottic entrapment by arytenoepiglottic folds in the horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1978;172:338–342.
315. Ordidge RM. Epiglottic entrapment in the horse. Vet Rec 1977;100:365–366.
316. Medda BK, Kern M, Ren J, et al. Relative contribution of various airway protective mechanisms to prevention of as- piration during swallowing. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003;284:G933–G939.
317. Russell T, Wainscott M. Treatment in the field of 27 horses with epiglottic entrapment. Vet Rec 2007;161:187–189.
318. Perkins JD, Hughes TK, Brain B. Endoscope-guided, transoral axial division of an entrapping epiglottic fold in fifteen standing horses. Vet Surg 2007;36:800–803.
319. Lacourt M, Marcoux M. Treatment of epiglottic entrap- ment by transnasal axial division in standing sedated horses using a shielded hook bistoury. Vet Surg 2011;40: 299–304.
320. Saulez MN, Gummow B. Prevalence of pharyngeal, laryn- geal and tracheal disorders in Thoroughbred racehorses, and effect on performance. Vet Rec 2009;165:431–435.
321. Tate LP, Sweeney CL, Bowman KF, et al. Transendoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery for treatment of epiglottal entrap- ment and dorsal displacement of the soft palate in the horse. Vet Surg 1990;19:356–363.
322. Ross MW, Gentile DG, Evans LE. Transoral axial division, under endoscopic guidance, for correction of epiglottic en- trapment in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993;203:416– 420.
323. Tulleners EP. Transendoscopic contact neodymium:yt- trium aluminum garnet laser correction of epiglottic entrap- ment in standing horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990;196: 1971–1980.
324. Jann HW, Cook WR. Transendoscopic electrosurgery for epiglottal entrapment in the horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985;187:484–492.
325. Lumsden JM, Stick JA, Caron JP, et al. Surgical treat- ment for epiglottic entrapment in horses: 51 cases (1981– 1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1994;205:729–735.
326. Greet TR. Experiences in treatment of epiglottal entrap- ment using a hook knife per nasum. Equine Vet J 1995;27: 122–126.
327. Coleridge MOD, DiGiovanni DL, Rodgerson DH, et al. Endoscopic, transoral, reduction of epiglottic entrapment via wire snare technique. Vet Surg 2015;44:348–351.
328. Hawkins JF, Tulleners EP. Epiglottitis in horses: 20 cases (1988–1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1994;205:1577–1580.
329. Shah KM, Carswell KN, Paradise Black NM. Prolonged stridor and epiglottitis with concurrent bacterial and viral etiologies. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2016;55:91–92.
330. Mandal A, Kabra SK, Lodha R. Upper airway obstruction in children. Indian J Pediatr 2015;82:737–744.
331. Darras KE, Roston AT, Yewchuk LK. Imaging acute air- way obstruction in infants and children. Radiographics 35:2064–2079.
332. Tanaka S, Kikuchi S, Ohata A, et al. A clinical study of acute epiglottitis. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 2015; 118:1301–1308.
333. Dacre KJ, Pirie RS, Prince DR. Primary epiglottitis with associated dysphagia in a foal. Equine Vet Educ 2004;16: 296–298.
334. Diab S, Pascoe J, Shahriar M, et al. Study of laryngopha- ryngeal pathology in Thoroughbred horses in southern Cal- ifornia. Equine Vet J 2009;41:903–907.
335. Blea JA, Arthur RM. How to evaluate and treat ulceration of the glosso-epiglottic fold (subepiglottic area) in the stand- ing horse, in Proceedings. Am Assoc Equine Pract 2003;49: 295–300.
aD. Archer, personal conversation; Liverpool, UK.
University of Guelph. c
bPersonal communication, February 2016, Dr Laurent Viel, Hillyer, personal communication, 2011.
AAEP PROCEEDINGS Vol. 62 2016 121
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140 |
Page 141 |
Page 142 |
Page 143 |
Page 144 |
Page 145 |
Page 146 |
Page 147 |
Page 148 |
Page 149 |
Page 150 |
Page 151 |
Page 152 |
Page 153 |
Page 154 |
Page 155 |
Page 156 |
Page 157 |
Page 158 |
Page 159 |
Page 160 |
Page 161 |
Page 162 |
Page 163 |
Page 164 |
Page 165 |
Page 166 |
Page 167 |
Page 168 |
Page 169 |
Page 170 |
Page 171 |
Page 172 |
Page 173 |
Page 174 |
Page 175 |
Page 176 |
Page 177 |
Page 178 |
Page 179 |
Page 180 |
Page 181 |
Page 182 |
Page 183 |
Page 184 |
Page 185 |
Page 186 |
Page 187 |
Page 188 |
Page 189 |
Page 190 |
Page 191 |
Page 192 |
Page 193 |
Page 194 |
Page 195 |
Page 196 |
Page 197 |
Page 198 |
Page 199 |
Page 200 |
Page 201 |
Page 202 |
Page 203 |
Page 204 |
Page 205 |
Page 206 |
Page 207 |
Page 208 |
Page 209 |
Page 210 |
Page 211 |
Page 212 |
Page 213 |
Page 214 |
Page 215 |
Page 216 |
Page 217 |
Page 218 |
Page 219 |
Page 220 |
Page 221 |
Page 222 |
Page 223 |
Page 224 |
Page 225 |
Page 226 |
Page 227 |
Page 228 |
Page 229 |
Page 230 |
Page 231 |
Page 232 |
Page 233 |
Page 234 |
Page 235 |
Page 236 |
Page 237 |
Page 238 |
Page 239 |
Page 240 |
Page 241 |
Page 242 |
Page 243 |
Page 244 |
Page 245 |
Page 246 |
Page 247 |
Page 248 |
Page 249 |
Page 250 |
Page 251 |
Page 252 |
Page 253 |
Page 254 |
Page 255 |
Page 256 |
Page 257 |
Page 258 |
Page 259 |
Page 260 |
Page 261 |
Page 262 |
Page 263 |
Page 264 |
Page 265 |
Page 266 |
Page 267 |
Page 268 |
Page 269 |
Page 270 |
Page 271 |
Page 272 |
Page 273 |
Page 274 |
Page 275 |
Page 276 |
Page 277 |
Page 278 |
Page 279 |
Page 280 |
Page 281 |
Page 282 |
Page 283 |
Page 284 |
Page 285 |
Page 286 |
Page 287 |
Page 288 |
Page 289 |
Page 290 |
Page 291 |
Page 292 |
Page 293 |
Page 294 |
Page 295 |
Page 296 |
Page 297 |
Page 298 |
Page 299 |
Page 300 |
Page 301 |
Page 302 |
Page 303 |
Page 304 |
Page 305 |
Page 306 |
Page 307 |
Page 308 |
Page 309 |
Page 310 |
Page 311 |
Page 312 |
Page 313 |
Page 314 |
Page 315 |
Page 316 |
Page 317 |
Page 318 |
Page 319 |
Page 320 |
Page 321 |
Page 322 |
Page 323 |
Page 324 |
Page 325 |
Page 326 |
Page 327 |
Page 328 |
Page 329 |
Page 330 |
Page 331 |
Page 332 |
Page 333 |
Page 334 |
Page 335 |
Page 336 |
Page 337 |
Page 338 |
Page 339 |
Page 340 |
Page 341 |
Page 342 |
Page 343 |
Page 344 |
Page 345 |
Page 346 |
Page 347 |
Page 348 |
Page 349 |
Page 350 |
Page 351 |
Page 352 |
Page 353 |
Page 354 |
Page 355 |
Page 356 |
Page 357 |
Page 358 |
Page 359 |
Page 360 |
Page 361 |
Page 362 |
Page 363 |
Page 364 |
Page 365 |
Page 366 |
Page 367 |
Page 368 |
Page 369 |
Page 370 |
Page 371 |
Page 372 |
Page 373 |
Page 374 |
Page 375 |
Page 376 |
Page 377 |
Page 378 |
Page 379 |
Page 380 |
Page 381 |
Page 382 |
Page 383 |
Page 384 |
Page 385 |
Page 386 |
Page 387 |
Page 388 |
Page 389 |
Page 390 |
Page 391 |
Page 392 |
Page 393 |
Page 394 |
Page 395 |
Page 396 |
Page 397 |
Page 398 |
Page 399 |
Page 400 |
Page 401 |
Page 402 |
Page 403 |
Page 404 |
Page 405 |
Page 406 |
Page 407 |
Page 408 |
Page 409 |
Page 410 |
Page 411 |
Page 412 |
Page 413 |
Page 414 |
Page 415 |
Page 416 |
Page 417 |
Page 418 |
Page 419 |
Page 420 |
Page 421 |
Page 422 |
Page 423 |
Page 424 |
Page 425 |
Page 426 |
Page 427 |
Page 428 |
Page 429 |
Page 430 |
Page 431 |
Page 432 |
Page 433 |
Page 434 |
Page 435 |
Page 436 |
Page 437 |
Page 438 |
Page 439 |
Page 440 |
Page 441 |
Page 442 |
Page 443 |
Page 444 |
Page 445 |
Page 446 |
Page 447 |
Page 448 |
Page 449 |
Page 450 |
Page 451 |
Page 452 |
Page 453 |
Page 454 |
Page 455 |
Page 456 |
Page 457 |
Page 458 |
Page 459 |
Page 460 |
Page 461 |
Page 462 |
Page 463 |
Page 464 |
Page 465 |
Page 466 |
Page 467 |
Page 468 |
Page 469 |
Page 470 |
Page 471 |
Page 472 |
Page 473 |
Page 474 |
Page 475 |
Page 476 |
Page 477 |
Page 478 |
Page 479 |
Page 480 |
Page 481 |
Page 482 |
Page 483 |
Page 484 |
Page 485 |
Page 486 |
Page 487 |
Page 488 |
Page 489 |
Page 490 |
Page 491 |
Page 492 |
Page 493 |
Page 494 |
Page 495 |
Page 496 |
Page 497 |
Page 498 |
Page 499 |
Page 500 |
Page 501 |
Page 502 |
Page 503 |
Page 504 |
Page 505 |
Page 506 |
Page 507 |
Page 508 |
Page 509 |
Page 510 |
Page 511 |
Page 512 |
Page 513 |
Page 514 |
Page 515 |
Page 516 |
Page 517 |
Page 518 |
Page 519 |
Page 520 |
Page 521 |
Page 522 |
Page 523 |
Page 524 |
Page 525 |
Page 526 |
Page 527 |
Page 528 |
Page 529 |
Page 530 |
Page 531 |
Page 532 |
Page 533 |
Page 534 |
Page 535 |
Page 536 |
Page 537 |
Page 538 |
Page 539 |
Page 540 |
Page 541 |
Page 542 |
Page 543 |
Page 544 |
Page 545 |
Page 546 |
Page 547 |
Page 548 |
Page 549 |
Page 550 |
Page 551 |
Page 552 |
Page 553 |
Page 554 |
Page 555 |
Page 556 |
Page 557 |
Page 558 |
Page 559 |
Page 560 |
Page 561 |
Page 562 |
Page 563 |
Page 564 |
Page 565 |
Page 566 |
Page 567 |
Page 568 |
Page 569 |
Page 570 |
Page 571 |
Page 572 |
Page 573 |
Page 574 |
Page 575 |
Page 576 |
Page 577 |
Page 578 |
Page 579 |
Page 580 |
Page 581 |
Page 582 |
Page 583 |
Page 584 |
Page 585 |
Page 586 |
Page 587 |
Page 588 |
Page 589 |
Page 590 |
Page 591 |
Page 592 |
Page 593 |
Page 594 |
Page 595 |
Page 596 |
Page 597 |
Page 598 |
Page 599 |
Page 600 |
Page 601 |
Page 602 |
Page 603 |
Page 604 |
Page 605 |
Page 606 |
Page 607 |
Page 608 |
Page 609 |
Page 610 |
Page 611 |
Page 612 |
Page 613 |
Page 614 |
Page 615 |
Page 616 |
Page 617 |
Page 618 |
Page 619 |
Page 620 |
Page 621 |
Page 622 |
Page 623 |
Page 624 |
Page 625 |
Page 626 |
Page 627 |
Page 628
