EQUINE DENTAL SINUSITIS
TABLE 1 Descriptive results showing the rates of success after first treatment, success after second treatment, success after three or more treatments, unsuccessful/no further treatment in relation to antibiotics, breed, duration, extraction method, tooth and prior antibiotics.
All Overall
Antibiotics Yes No
Breed Warmblood Coldblood Pony
Thoroughbred
Duration a Subacute (<2 months) Chronic (>2 months)
Extraction method Standing oral extraction
Minimal invasive transbuccal extraction
Tooth 08 ' s 09 ' s 10 ' s 11 ' s
Several teeth
Prior antibiotics Yes No
59 (100%)
24 (100%) 35 (100%)
36 (100%) 14 (100%) 6 (100%) 3 (100%)
44 (100%) 15 (100%)
55 (100%) 4 (100%)
Success after first treatment
36 (61.0%)
15 (62.5%) 21 (60.0%)
24 (66.6%) 8 (57.1%) 3 (50%)
1 (33.3%)
27 (61.4%) 9 (60.0%)
34 (61.8%) 2 (50.0%)
Success after second treatment
11 (18.7%)
5 (20.9%) 6 (17.1%)
6 (16.6%) 3 (21.4%) 2 (33.3%) 0 (0%)
9 (20.5%) 2 (13.3%)
9 (16.4%) 2 (50.0%)
Success after three or more treatments
5 (8.4%)
2 (8.3%) 3 (8.6%)
2 (5.6%) 3 (21.4%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
2 (4.5%) 3 (20.0%)
5 (9.1%) 0 (0%)
Unsuccessful/no further treatment
7 (11.9%)
2 (8.3%) 5 (14.3%)
4 (11.1%) 0 (0%)
1 (16.7%) 2 (66.7%)
6 (13.6%) 1 (6.7%)
7 (12.7%) 0 (0%)
| 361
5 (100%) 39 (100%) 8 (100%) 2 (100%) 5 (100%)
33 (100%) 26 (100%)
a Duration of clinical signs before presentation. Confounding variables
The analysis of potentially confounding variables showed that none of the variables seemed to have significant association with the likelihood of AB administration. Thus, there was no need for inclu- sion of confounding effects in the final model. Table 2 shows the p -values for association between the categorical variables and AB. Bootstrapping analysis showed that there was no significant asso- ciation between the numerical variable ‘age’ and the likelihood of antibiotic administration, that is, no confounding effect existed be- tween these variables ( p = 0.92; data not shown).
Multivariate analysis
The multivariate analysis showed no interaction effects between AB and any of the other categorical variables in relation to the probabil- ity of success. Thus, no interaction effects needed to be included in the final model (data not shown).
Final model
Since none of the other variables appeared to have significant confound- ing nor any interaction effects in the above analysis, AB was the only variable still relevant for testing the null hypothesis and was therefore the only variable included in the final model. The final model displayed no significant difference in the probability of success in terms of treating dental sinusitis with or without AB. Thus, the null hypothesis could not be rejected. Table 3 displays the associated p -values, coefficients and confidence intervals (CIs) for the final logistic regression model.
DISCUSSION The use of perioperative antibiotics
This study showed no significant difference ( p = 0.85) on the prob- ability of success between treatment with or without AB, following dental extraction, in horses with dental sinusitis. Therefore, the null
4 (80.0%) 22 (56.4%) 4 (50.0%) 1 (50.0%) 5 (100.0%)
20 (60.6%) 16 (61.5%)
1 (20.0%) 7 (17.9%) 2 (25.0%) 1 (50.0%) 0 (0%)
4 (12.1%) 7 (26.9%)
0 (0%)
4 (10.3%) 1 (12.5%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
4 (12.1%) 1 (3.8%)
0 (0%)
6 (15.4%) 1 (12.5%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
5 (15.2%) 2 (7.7%)
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92
