*Clinical Endocrinology Laboratory, University of California, Davis.
Gelding n/a
n/a
<50 <0.1
Cryptorchid >0.15
n/a
100 to 500 35 to 60
Stallion n/a
n/a
800 to 2000 140 to 200
Fig. 4. Karyotype (left image) showing the 31 pairs of autosomes and the 2 sex chromosomes (X and Y, red circle) in a 64,XY SRY- positive monorchid DSD. PCR analysis (right image) shows the presence of the SRY region (lane 2, red arrow) and androgen receptor (AR) (lane 2, red arrow) (courtesy of the Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Texas A&M University).
region of the Y chromosome (SRY) (Fig. 4). A stand- ing laparoscopic procedure was performed and a cryptorchid testis was identified on the right side of the abdomen and subsequently removed. No go- nadal structure was noted on the left side during laparoscopy. Histopathology of the excised right gonad revealed degenerate seminiferous tubules with no evidence of spermatogenesis, along with
spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells. In addition, an island of adrenal cortical tissue was identified histologically within the cryptorchid tes- tis, and epididymal tissue was noted adjacent to the testis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the pres- ence of anti-Müllerian hormone protein in Sertoli cells. Re-evaluation 5 weeks after surgery confirmed that the stallion-like behavior had resolved, and all